The National Convention, which was elected by universal suffrage of men, met on September 21, 1792, and achieved brilliant success in solving the most pressing problem of defending the motherland against the Austro-Prussian invaders. The combination of revolutionary drive and popular support proved irresistible, and the Prussians and Austrians were driven from the frontier. In 1793, Britain, the Netherlands, and Spain joined an alliance against France. The revolutionaries responded with the famous general mobilization of the people. "Let everyone do their part for the ongoing national military effort," an impassioned orator said. Young men will fight, married men will forge weapons.. To provide supplies, the women will make clothes for the soldiers.. Go to the hospital as a nurse to take care of the wounded, and the children will use old linen to make soft linen for bandages. The old will be sent to the public square to inspire the courage of the young warriors and to preach hatred of the kings and the unity of the Republic. The people rose to defend the motherland. Fourteen armies, under the command of young generals from the ranks, went to the battlefield. Inspired by the revolutionary slogan of "Liberty, Equality and Fraternity",cosmetic plastic tube, the French civilian army advanced with the momentum of breaking bamboo. By 1795, the enemy alliance had been shattered. At the time, the Convention moved more and more to the left, partly because it was elected by universal male suffrage, but also because the war effort aroused revolutionary enthusiasm. By June 1793, the Girondins had been replaced by the more radical Jacobins. At this time,plastic laminted tube, the dominant ruling organ was the National Salvation Council. With revolutionary zeal and fervent patriotism, this committee appointed and dismissed generals, inspired the masses to heroic actions, conducted foreign policy, legislated on innumerable issues, and suppressed resistance through a period of relentless terror. Too many people were accused of treason or simply not being patriotic enough, and sent to the guillotine, the "razor of the state" as it was called at the time. But the reign of terror spiraled out of control, and the revolution began to "devour its own children.". In the constant struggle for power, one revolutionary leader after another was guillotined after Louis and Antonette. Equally disturbing for the bourgeoisie was the growing social radicalism of the revolution. The sans-culottes are pressing for a more egalitarian state. They were equivalent to the egalitarians of the English Revolution, and they demanded a more equitable distribution of land, pump tube ,empty cosmetic tubes, government control of prices and wages, and a system of social security. Such measures were completely beyond the plans of the French bourgeoisie. Therefore, the French bourgeoisie, like the British bourgeoisie, is trying to block the development of the revolution to the left. In Britain, the result was the defeat of the Levellers and the rule of Cromwell. In France, the sans-culottes came under the control first of a Directory of Five in 1795 and then of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1799. Napoleon Napoleon gained popularity as a brilliant general in Italy, and he used his popularity to overthrow the Directory. He ruled France first from 1799 to 1804 and then from 1804 to 1814. For our topic, it is worth noting that his 15-year rule of France was characterized by two things: domestic reforms and military campaigns. The former consolidated the gains of the revolution; the latter provoked two nationalist reactions in neighbouring countries and eventually led to his downfall. As far as domestic policy is concerned, Napoleon is comparable to an enlightened despot. He was interested in technical efficiency rather than abstract ideology. Although he ruled the country as a dictatorship, he effectively ruled the country. He codified the law, placed the executive under a centralized system, organized the national education system, established the Bank of France, and reached an agreement with the Pope on the relationship between church and state in France. These tangible achievements of Napoleon made him universally popular. There were political opponents who longed to restore the old system or believed that Napoleon had betrayed the revolution, but most people cheered him for ending the riots and establishing a credible and strong government. Napoleon squandered this goodwill by continuing to wage war. As a military genius, he has achieved amazing success. By 1810, at the height of his success, he had extended the frontiers of France over the Rhine to Lubeck and over the Alps to Rome. The rest of Europe is made up of French satellites or allies. Only Britain remains independent and extremely hostile. Napoleon carried out some of the basic principles of the French Revolution in all the regions he conquered. He abolished feudalism and serfdom, recognized the equality of all citizens, and implemented his famous code of laws. These reforms mean progress, or at least reform. While these changes are opposed by deeply restive vested interests everywhere, there is also widespread support for change in many places. The bourgeoisie and many intellectuals were in favour of these changes, not only in the areas where they lived, but also outside France. French rule was progressive, but the fact remained that it was a foreign rule, imposed by force where necessary. On December 15, 1792, the National Convention passed a decree, which stated: "The French state declares that it will treat as enemies those who, by refusing or abandoning liberty and equality, wish to preserve, restore or treat leniently the sovereign and the privileged class." It was tyrannical, but Napoleon was even more tyrannical and demanding of his subjects. His non-French subjects at last grew weary of requisitions, taxes, conscription,eye cream packing tube, war, and rumors of war. French rule usually implies an improvement in the quality of administration, but the time has come when one is more impressed by the French nature of administration than by its quality. emptycosmetictubes.com